GCSE Philosophy and Ethics Practice Exam

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What is one reason St. Augustine believes evil exists?

Suffering is misunderstood by humans
As a punishment stemming from previous life actions
As an absence of good due to free will
To motivate humans to seek faith

The correct answer is: Suffering is misunderstood by humans

St. Augustine's view on the existence of evil is closely tied to his concept of good and evil, particularly the idea that evil is not a substance in itself but rather a lack or absence of good. This understanding positions evil as a privation, meaning that it arises when good is diminished or absent. Suffering, in this context, is a result of this absence and can be misunderstood by humans who may see it as a standalone experience rather than a lack of goodness. Augustine emphasizes that free will is a crucial element in understanding evil. Humans have the choice to pursue good or evil, and when they choose wrongly, it brings about suffering. His perspective highlights the importance of free will in human experience, suggesting that while suffering exists, it is ultimately tied to the choices people make rather than being inherently good or evil. The other options address different interpretations of the existence of evil and its purposes, but they do not directly align with Augustine's core thesis regarding the absence of good as the reason for evil.