GCSE Philosophy and Ethics Practice Exam

Which of the following was part of St Thomas Aquinas' "Five Ways" to prove God's existence?

1. The problem of evil

2. The design argument

3. The existence of miracles

4. The cosmological argument

The correct answer is: The design argument

The design argument is indeed one of the key components of St. Thomas Aquinas' "Five Ways" to demonstrate the existence of God. Aquinas is well-known for his philosophical approach, where he sought rational explanations to understand the divine. In the context of the design argument, Aquinas posited that the order and purpose we observe in the world cannot simply be the result of random chance. Instead, this intricate design indicates a designer. Aquinas referred to the universe's complexity and the functionality of natural things as evidence of an intelligent being who instills purpose and order in creation. He articulated this in his work, where he described how the existence of things that act towards an end suggests an intelligent source guiding them towards that purpose. Understanding this argument is essential as it reflects Aquinas' broader approach to faith and reason, showing how he sought to frame theological concepts within a rational understanding of the world. This distinguishes it from the other options, which do not form part of his "Five Ways." The problem of evil, for instance, deals with moral and philosophical questions rather than an argument for God's existence. The existence of miracles, while significant in a theological context, is not part of the foundational proofs Aquinas offers, and the cosmological